• 수정
• 삭제
• 답변
• 글쓰기

약 부작용 Drug Side Effect,  Low,  Steve

어느 미국인이 먹는 위험한 약, 이게 위험한 약인데도 모르고 먹고있으니 ,,,
약은 오래 복용하면 모든 장기가 다 망가짐니다.
병은 약으로 못고침니다.
생활습관을 바꾸어야 ,,,,
-----------
# 1. Trazodone        # 2. Warfarins Sodium,  brand name drug; Coumadin
# 3. Carvedilol        # 4. Furosemide          # 5. Lisinopril
# 6. Suprofen  Brand Name: Profenal        # 7. Tramadol  Brand name: Conzip
# 8. Atorvastatin
===============
# 1. Trazodone  /  brand-name drug ; Oleptro
1. Trazodone is used to treat depression.
2. Trazodone immediate-release oral tablet is only available as generic drug.
3. An extended-release version of trazodone is only available as the brand-name drug Oleptro.

FDA warning: Suicide risk warning
Trazodone has a black box warning^. This is the most serious warning from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). A black box warning alerts doctors and patients about drug effects that may be dangerous.
^black box warning is the strictest warning put in the labeling of prescription drugs or drug products by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) when there is reasonable evidence of an association of a serious hazard with the drug.

Drugs used to treat depression, including trazodone, may cause an
increase in suicidal thoughts or actions (thoughts or behaviors of harming yourself).
This risk is higher in children, teenagers, or young adults. It’s also higher within the first few months of treatment with this drug or during dose changes. You and your family members, caregivers, and doctor should watch for any new or sudden changes in your mood, behaviors, thoughts, or feelings. Call your doctor right away if you have any changes.

- Serotonin syndrome 세로토닌 증후군 warning:
[Serotonin is a chemical produced naturally in your brain that affects the way you feel, for example making you feel happier, calmer, or less hungry.]
This drug can cause a life-threatening condition called serotonin syndrome. This risk is higher when you first start taking this drug or during dose changes. Your risk may be higher if you also take other drugs that have similar effects as trazodone, such as other drugs used to treat depression. Symptoms include agitation, hallucinations (seeing or hearing something that isn’t there), confusion or trouble thinking, coma (being unconscious for a long time), coordination problems, muscle twitching (overactive reflexes), stiff muscles, racing heart rate, high or low blood pressure, sweating, fever, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Call your doctor right away if you have these symptoms.

- Angle-closure glaucoma [폐쇄각녹내장] warning: This drug can cause your pupils to be slightly bigger and lead to a type of high pressure in your eyes (angle-closure glaucoma).
If you’re at high risk for this condition, your doctor may give you a medication to help prevent it.

- Bleeding warning: Taking this drug with other medications that affect your ability to stop bleeding may increase your risk of bleeding. This includes life-threatening, serious bleeding and bleeding-related events, such as nosebleeds, bruising, or skin discoloration due to bleeding below your skin. These drugs include warfarin, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, and pain drugs called non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen and aspirin.

More common Side Effects
The more common side effects of trazodone can include :
- sleepiness
- dizziness
- constipation
- blurred vision

Serious Side Effects and their symptoms can include the following :

Thoughts of suicide and worsening depression. Symptoms include :
- thoughts about suicide or dying
- attempts to commit suicide
- new or worse depression
- new or worse anxiety
- feeling very agitated or restless
- panic attacks
- insomnia (trouble sleeping)
- new or worse irritability
- acting aggressive, angry, or violent
- acting on dangerous impulses
- mania (an extreme increase in activity and talking)
- other unusual changes in behavior or mood

Serotonin syndrome. Symptoms include :
- agitation 불안
- confusion or trouble thinking
- hallucinations (seeing or hearing something that isn’t there)
- problems with coordination
- fast heart rate
- tight muscles
- trouble walking
- nausea
- vomiting
- diarrhea

Vision problems. Symptoms include :
- eye pain
- changes in your vision, such as blurred vision or visual disturbances
- swelling or redness in or around your eye
- Irregular or fast heartbeat or faint

Low blood pressure. Symptoms include :
- dizziness or fainting when you change positions, such as standing up from a sitting position
- Unusual bruising or bleeding
- Erection that lasts longer than 6 hours

Hyponatremia (low sodium in your blood). Symptoms include :
- headache
- weakness
- confusion
- trouble concentrating
- memory problems
- feeling unsteady when you walk

Trazodone
===============
# 2. Warfarin Sod  [ Warfarins Sodium ]  brand name drug; Coumadin

1. Warfarin is used to treat and prevent blood clots that might result in heart attack, stroke, or death. It’s also used for blood clots in atrial fibrillation[심방세동(心房細動), 심방잔떨림. 심방의 근층(筋層)에서 일어나는 빠르고 조화되지 않은 불규칙한 수축을 특징으로 하는 심방성 부정박동. 대단히 불규칙하여 때때로 빠른 심박이 일어나기도 한다.], heart valve replacement, venous thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism.

2. Warfarin oral tablet is available as both a generic and brand-name drug. Brand name: Coumadin.

3. Side effects are often related to abnormal bleeding. These include bruising easily, nosebleeds, bleeding from your gums, bleeding from cuts that takes a long time to stop, and heavier than normal menstrual bleeding.

FDA Warning: Bleeding risk
This drug has a Black Box Warning. This is the most serious warning from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). A black box warning alerts doctors and patients to potentially dangerous effects.
Warfarin thins your blood and limits your blood’s ability to clot. It can cause serious bleeding, which can lead to death. You must have regular blood tests and visits with your doctor to monitor your condition. Don’t start or stop any other drug or herbal product unless your doctor tells you to. Tell your doctor if you have any signs or symptoms of bleeding.

Bleeding problems warning: Tell your doctor if you have an increased risk of bleeding problems, such as being at least 65 years of age, having a history of heart attack or stroke, gastrointestinal bleeding, anemia, diabetes, or kidney problems. Your doctor will decide if warfarin is right for you.

Pregnancy warning: Don’t take this medication if you’re pregnant unless you have a mechanical heart valve. Warfarin may cause birth defects, miscarriage, or death of a fetus.

Calciphylaxis [저항성 칼슘 형성] warning: This medication can cause calciphylaxis. This rare but serious condition is a buildup of calcium in small blood vessels. Patients with kidney disease are at greater risk for this condition.

More common Side Effects

warfarin are related to abnormal bleeding. Possible side effects include :
- unusual bruising, such as :
  unexplainable bruises,  bruises that grow in size
- nosebleeds
- bleeding gums
- bleeding from cuts that takes a long time to stop
- heavier than normal menstrual or vaginal bleeding
- pink or brown urine
- red or black stools
- coughing up blood
- vomiting blood or materials that looks like coffee grounds

Serious Side Effects
death of skin tissue. This may happen when blood clots form and block blood flow to an area of your body. Symptoms may include :
- pain
- color or temperature change to any area of your body

purple toes syndrome. Symptoms may include :
- pain and purple or dark color in your toes

Warfarin Sod
====================
# 4. Carvedilol
1. This drug is a beta-blocker. It’s used to treat high blood pressure, heart failure, and heart function problems after a heart attack.
2. Carvedilol oral tablet is available as a generic drug and a brand-name drug. Brand-name: Coreg.
3. Carvedilol also comes as an oral extended-release capsule.

More common Side Effects ;
- dizziness
- unusual tiredness
- low blood pressure
- diarrhea
- high blood sugar
- lack of energy or weakness
- slower heart rate
- weight gain
- changes in sex drive or performance
- dry eyes
- dry, itchy skin
- headache
- nausea

Serious Side Effects
Allergic reactions. Symptoms can include :
 - skin rash
 - hives
 - swelling of your face, lips, or tongue
Changes in your heart rate. Symptoms can include:
 - irregular or slow heart rate
 - feeling dizzy or fainting

Heart problems. Symptoms can include :
 - breathing problems or shortness of breath
 - weight gain
 - swollen legs, ankles, or arms
 - chest pain
Liver problems. Symptoms can include :
 - dark-colored urine
 - vomiting
 - yellowing of your skin or the whites of your eyes

Eye problems. Symptoms can include:
 - change in eyesight
 - changes in how contact lenses feel in your eyes
Urinary problems. Symptoms can include :
 - being unable to pass urine
 - change in how much urine you pass

Carvedilol
=================
# 5. Furosemide
1. Furosemide oral tablet is available as both a generic and a brand-name drug. Brand name: Lasix.
2. Furosemide also comes in a that you take by mouth and an injectable solution that is given by a healthcare provider.
3. It is used to treat high blood pressure. It’s also used to treat edema, which is swelling caused by fluid buildup in your body.

More common Side Effects
- nausea or vomiting
- diarrhea
- constipation
- stomach cramping
- feeling like you or the room is spinning (vertigo)
- dizziness
- headache
- blurred vision
- itching or rash

Serious Side Effects
Excessive loss of water and electrolytes. Symptoms can include:
- dry mouth
- feeling of thirst
- weakness
- drowsiness
- restlessness
- muscle pains or cramps
- urinating less
- fast or abnormal heartbeat
- severe nausea or vomiting

Low levels of thyroid hormones. Symptoms can include :
- tiredness
- weakness
- weight gain
- dry hair and skin
- increased feelings of being cold

Pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas). Symptoms can include :
- pain when you eat or drink
- severe nausea or vomiting
- fever

Liver damage. Symptoms can include :
- yellowing of your skin
- yellowing of the whites of your eyes
- Hearing loss or ringing in your ears (can be temporary or permanent)
- Blistering or peeling skin

Furosemide
===============
# 5. Lisinopril
1. Lisinopril is oral tablet is available as both a generic and brand-name drug. Brand names: Prinivil and Zestril.
2. Common side effects of this drug include headache, dizziness, persistent cough, low blood pressure, and chest pain.
3. Lisinopril is used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure) and heart failure. It’s also used to improve your chance of survival after a heart attack.

More common Side Effects
- headache
- dizziness
- persistent cough
- low blood pressure
- chest pain

Serious Side Effects
hypersensitivity (allergic) reaction. Symptoms include :
- swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat
- trouble breathing
- trouble swallowing
- stomach (abdomen) pain with or without nausea or vomiting

kidney problems. Symptoms include :
- tiredness
- swelling, especially of your hands, feet, or ankles
- shortness of breath
- weight gain

liver failure. Symptoms include :
- yellowing of your skin and the whites of your eyes
- elevated liver enzymes
- stomach pain
- nausea and vomiting
- high potassium levels. This drug can cause dangerously high potassium. This can lead to arrhythmia (heart rate or rhythm problems).  Your risk may be higher if you have
kidney disease or diabetes, or if you’re taking other drugs that increase potassium levels.

Lisinopril
==================
# 6. Suprofen    Brand Name: Profenal

1. Suprofen is in a class of drugs called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
It reduces pain and inflammation in the eyes.
2. Suprofen ophthalmic is used to prevent pupil constriction (reduced pupil size) during eye surgery.
3. Suprofen ophthalmic may also be used for purposes other than those listed in this medication guide.

Side Effects
Ocular side effects associated with suprofen ophthalmic solution have included local discomfort and irritation upon application, itching, redness, iritis, chemosis, photophobia, or punctate epithelial staining in less than 0.5% of patients.[Ref]

Hypersensitivity reactions to suprofen have rarely been reported. Contact dermatitis has been associated with topically administered suprofen.

Gastrointestinal side effects associated with orally administered suprofen have included mild gastrointestinal disturbances. Nausea, diarrhea, constipation, gastralgia or dyspepsia occur in up to 7% of patients.

The relative incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding associated with orally administered suprofen is significantly less compared to aspirin.

Nervous system side effects have been associated with orally administered suprofen, and include headache, drowsiness, dizziness, and somnolence.

Renal side effects including new or worsened renal dysfunction has not been associated with the use of suprofen ophthalmic solution, but is the main reason why the use of orally administered suprofen has been limited in the US. The manufacturer concluded that the mechanism was most likely intratubular precipitation of uric acid with tubular obstruction (suprofen increases renal excretion of uric acid). Rarely, interstitial nephritis and mild reversible renal failure have been associated with intravenously or orally administered suprofen.

During a five-year period in Europe, when approximately 3 to 5 million people used the drug as an orally administered antiinflammatory agent, only 3 reports of flank pain associated with suprofen were reported to the manufacturer. In the US, however, 163 cases of acute flank pain syndrome were reported from approximately 700,000 persons using the drug. Unlike renal complications from other NSAIDs, the syndrome of flank pain and mild acute renal failure tends to appear suddenly after smaller (600 mg) single doses.

Especially in "salt-retaining" states (congestive heart failure, liver cirrhosis, nephrosis, preexisting renal insufficiency, dehydration, or decreased effective circulating blood volume), suprofen, like other NSAIDs, can reduce renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate, reduce sodium excretion, inhibit prostaglandin-dependent renin secretion (which can cause hyperkalemia), enhance the antidiuretic effects of vasopressin, and reduce the antihypertensive efficacy of some drugs.

An allergic mechanism has been suspected in some cases of interstitial nephritis due to the presence of acute renal failure, eosinophilia, positive gallium scanning, and the chronological relationship to the use of suprofen.

Cardiovascular side effects including rare cases of elevated blood pressure have been reported after the use of orally administered suprofen. A cause-and-effect relationship with suprofen has not been shown.

Suprofen
=====================
# 7. Tramadol    Brand name: Conzip
1. Tramadol is used to treat moderate to severe pain.
2. Tramadol oral tablet is available as both a generic and brand-name drugs.
Brand names : Ultram, Ultram ER.
3. Tramadol oral tablets come in both immediate-release and extended-release forms. Tramadol also comes in both a generic and brand-name extended-release oral capsule.

Side Effects of Tramadol
Tramadol oral tablet may cause drowsiness. You should not drive, use heavy machinery, or perform any dangerous activities until you know how this drug affects you. Tramadol may also cause other side effects.

More common Side Effects
The more common side effects of tramadol can include :
- dizziness
- headache
- drowsiness
- nausea and vomiting
- constipation
- lack of energy
- sweating
- dry mouth

Serious side effects
Serotonin syndrome. Symptoms can include :
- fast heart rate
- high blood pressure
- body temperature that’s higher than normal
- reflexes that are stronger than normal
- lack of coordination (control of your movements)
- nausea and vomiting
- diarrhea
- agitation
- hallucinations (seeing or hearing things that aren’t real)
- coma

Serious breathing problems. Symptoms can include :
- slowed breathing rate
- very shallow breathing (little chest movement with breathing)
- fainting, dizziness, or confusion

Physical dependence and withdrawal when stopping the drug. Symptoms can include :
- feeling irritable, anxious, or restless
- trouble sleeping
- increased blood pressure
- fast breathing rate
- fast heart rate
- dilated (large) pupils
- teary eyes
- runny nose
- yawning
- nausea, vomiting, and a loss of appetite
- diarrhea and stomach cramps
- sweating
- chills
- muscle aches, back pain, or joint pain

Adrenal insufficiency. Symptoms can include :
- long-lasting tiredness
- muscle weakness
- pain in your abdomen

Androgen deficiency. Symptoms can include :
- tiredness
- trouble sleeping
- decreased energy
- Seizures
- Addiction or misuse of this drug

Tramadol
=================
# 8. Atorvastatin
Uses
used to treat high cholesterol, and to lower the risk of stroke, heart attack, or other heart complications in people with type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, or other risk factors.
Atorvastatin is used in adults and children who are at least 10 years old.

* Side Effects
- Unexplained muscle pain, tenderness, or weakness
- Confusion, memory problems
- Fever, unusual tiredness, and dark colored urine
- Swelling, weight gain, urinating less than usual or not at all
- increased thirst, increased urination, hunger, dry mouth, fruity breath odor, drowsiness, dry skin, blurred vision, weight loss, or
- Nausea, upper stomach pain, itching, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes).

Less serious side effects may include :
- Mild muscle pain
- Diarrhea or
- Mild nausea.

Atorvastatin
=================